Which component regulates the speed and prevent the elevator from descending too quickly?

The governor is an essential safety device in elevator systems that plays a critical role in regulating the speed of the elevator. It continuously monitors the speed of the elevator car, ensuring that it travels within safe limits. If the elevator moves too quickly—indicating a potential free fall or malfunction—the governor activates the safety mechanisms, effectively slowing down the elevator and preventing it from descending too rapidly.

This function is vital for ensuring passenger safety and maintaining the integrity of the elevator system. By acting as a speed-regulating tool, the governor helps to avert accidents that could arise from uncontrolled descent, making it a key component in the safety features of elevators.

Other components listed, while also important in their respective functions—such as the brake system controlling the stopping ability, the control panel managing operational commands, and the car buffer providing impact absorption—all serve different purposes and do not specifically regulate speed in the same way that the governor does.